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Definition 2024
借
借
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See also: 藉
Translingual
Han character
借 (radical 9 人+8, 10 strokes, cangjie input 人廿日 (OTA), four-corner 24261, composition ⿰亻昔)
References
- KangXi: page 108, character 10
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 781
- Dae Jaweon: page 230, character 6
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 171, character 5
- Unihan data for U+501F
Chinese
simp. and trad. |
借 |
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Etymology 1
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): ze3
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chia
- Min Nan (POJ): chioh
- Wu (Wiktionary): jia (T2)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄝˋ
- Wade-Giles: chieh4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jieh
- IPA (key): /t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: ze3
- Yale: je
- Cantonese Pinyin: dze3
- IPA (key): /t͡sɛː³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chia
- Hakka Romanization System: jia
- Hagfa Pinyim: jia4
- IPA: /t͡ɕi̯a⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chioh
- Tâi-lô: tsioh
- Phofsit Daibuun: cioiq
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡ɕiɤʔ³²/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕiɤʔ⁵/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕiɤʔ³²/
- IPA (Taipei): /t͡ɕioʔ³²/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕiɤʔ³²/
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: jia (T2)
- IPA (key): /t͡ɕiᴀ³⁴/
- (Shanghainese)
Rime | ||
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Character | 借 | 借 |
Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
Initial (聲) | 精 (13) | 精 (13) |
Final (韻) | 麻 (100) | 昔 (123) |
Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Checked (Ø) |
Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
Division (等) | III | III |
Fanqie | 子夜切 | 資昔切 |
Reconstructions | ||
Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/t͡siaH/ | /t͡siᴇk̚/ |
Pan Wuyun |
/t͡siaH/ | /t͡siɛk̚/ |
Shao Rongfen |
/t͡siaH/ | /t͡siæk̚/ |
Edwin Pulleyblank |
/t͡siaH/ | /t͡siajk̚/ |
Li Rong |
/t͡siaH/ | /t͡siɛk̚/ |
Wang Li |
/t͡sĭaH/ | /t͡sĭɛk̚/ |
Bernard Karlgren |
/t͡si̯aH/ | /t͡si̯ɛk̚/ |
Expected Mandarin Reflex |
jiè | ji |
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
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Character | 借 | 借 |
Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
jiè | jiè |
Middle Chinese |
‹ tsjæH › | ‹ tsjek › |
Old Chinese |
/*[ts]Ak-s/ | /*[ts]Ak/ |
English | loan, borrow | loan, borrow |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
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Character | 借 | 借 |
Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
No. | 13269 | 13298 |
Phonetic component |
昔 | 昔 |
Rime group |
暮 | 鐸 |
Rime subdivision |
0 | 0 |
Corresponding MC rime |
唶 | 積 |
Old Chinese |
/*ʔsjaːɡs/ | /*ʔsjaːɡ/ |
Definitions
借
- to lend
- 我沒有書,你能借我一本嗎? [MSC, trad.]
- 我没有书,你能借我一本吗? [MSC, simp.]
- Wǒ méi yǒu shū, nǐ néng jiè wǒ yī běn ma? [Pinyin]
- I haven' t got any book; can you lend me one ?
- 可唔可以借本書畀我呀? [Guangzhou Cantonese, trad.]
- 可唔可以借本书畀我呀? [Guangzhou Cantonese, simp.]
- Ho2 m4 ho2 ji5ze3 bun2 syu1 bei2 ngo5 aa3? [Jyutping]
- Can you lend me a book?
- to borrow
- to make use of; by means of; to take advantage of (an opportunity)
- 他借慈善事業為名欺騙了他們。 [MSC, trad.]
- 他借慈善事业为名欺骗了他们。 [MSC, simp.]
- Tā jiè císhàn shìyè wèimíng qīpiàn le tāmen. [Pinyin]
- He deceived them under the veil of charity.
- 他們借雷達標示飛機的動向。 [MSC, trad.]
- 他们借雷达标示飞机的动向。 [MSC, simp.]
- Tāmen jiè léidá biāoshì fēijī de dòngxiàng. [Pinyin]
- They plotted aircraft movements by radar.
- 她借著閃爍的燭光讀書。 [MSC, trad.]
- 她借着闪烁的烛光读书。 [MSC, simp.]
- Tā jiè zhe shǎnshuò de zhúguāng dúshū. [Pinyin]
- She was reading by the flickering light of the candle.
- 我想借這個機會,對你們的幫助表示感謝。 [MSC, trad.]
- 我想借这个机会,对你们的帮助表示感谢。 [MSC, simp.]
- Wǒ xiǎng jiè zhè ge jīhuì, duì nǐmen de bāngzhù biǎoshì gǎnxiè. [Pinyin]
- I would like to take advantage of this opportunity to express my thanks for your help.
Synonyms
Compounds
Derived terms from 借
Etymology 2
For pronunciation and definitions of 借 – see 藉. (This character, 借, is the simplified form of 藉.) |
Notes:
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Japanese
Kanji
借
- to borrow
Readings
- Goon: しゃ (sha), しゃく (shaku)
- Kan’on: しゃ (sha), せき (seki) (non-Jōyō reading)
- Kun: かる (借る, karu), かりる (借りる, kariru), かり (kari)
Compounds
Etymology
Kanji in this term |
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借 |
か(り) Grade: 4 |
kun'yomi |
Originally the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of classical verb 借る (karu, “to borrow”), now also the 連用形 (ren'yōkei) of modern verb 借りる (kariru, “to borrow”).[1][2]
Pronunciation
Alternative forms
- 借り (more common in running text)
Noun
- borrowing, a debt, a loan (for the borrower, not the lender)
- (obsolete) in the Edo period, a system for arranging house calls by prostitutes
- (accounting, abbreviation) borrower, debtor: short for 借り方 (karikata)
Antonyms
(borrowing, debt): 貸し (kashi): lending, a credit, a loan (for the lender, not the borrower)
References
- ↑ 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
- 1 2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
Korean
Hanja
借 • (cha, jeok) (hangeul 차, 적, McCune-Reischauer ch'a, chŏk)
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Vietnamese
Han character
借 (tá)
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