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Definition 2024
祭
祭
Translingual
Note that the top is not 癶. The left part is ⺼ twisted to the left (compare 將, 然). The right part (which looks like 又 without the tail to the left) actually a simplified form of hand, which was written originally like 屮 (three fingers on the arm), with the tail tilted to the right and the leftmost fingers disappearing).
In Japanese handwriting, the diagonals of the upper right component cross: the short upper-right to lower-left stroke crosses the long upper-left to lower-right stroke, rather than abutting there.
Han character
祭 (radical 113 示+6, 11 strokes, cangjie input 月人一一火 (BOMMF), four-corner 27901)
Derived characters
References
- KangXi: page 843, character 7
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24700
- Dae Jaweon: page 1263, character 8
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2397, character 7
- Unihan data for U+796D
Chinese
simp. and trad. |
祭 |
---|
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˋ
- Wade-Giles: chih4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jih
- IPA (key): /t͡ɕi⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: zai3
- Yale: jai
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzai3
- IPA (key): /t͡sɐi̯³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chi
- Hakka Romanization System: ji
- Hagfa Pinyim: ji4
- IPA: /t͡ɕi⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chè
- Tâi-lô: tsè
- Phofsit Daibuun: zex
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡se²¹/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡se⁴¹/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡se²¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /t͡se¹¹/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡se²¹/
- (Hokkien)
- Dialectal data▼
Variety | Location | 祭 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡ɕi⁵¹/ |
Harbin | /t͡ɕi⁵³/ | |
Tianjin | /t͡ɕi⁵³/ | |
Jinan | /t͡ɕi²¹/ | |
Qingdao | /t͡si⁴²/ | |
Zhengzhou | /t͡si³¹²/ | |
Xi'an | /t͡ɕi⁴⁴/ | |
Xining | /t͡ɕji²¹³/ | |
Yinchuan | /t͡ɕi¹³/ | |
Lanzhou | /t͡ɕi¹³/ | |
Ürümqi | /t͡ɕi²¹³/ | |
Wuhan | /t͡ɕi³⁵/ | |
Chengdu | /t͡ɕi¹³/ | |
Guiyang | /t͡ɕi²¹³/ | |
Kunming | /t͡ɕi²¹²/ | |
Nanjing | /t͡si⁴⁴/ | |
Hefei | /t͡sz̩⁵³/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡ɕi⁴⁵/ |
Pingyao |
/t͡ɕi³⁵/ /t͡sei³⁵/ ~先人 |
|
Hohhot | /t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /t͡ɕi³⁵/ |
Suzhou | /t͡si⁵¹³/ | |
Hangzhou | /t͡ɕi⁴⁴⁵/ | |
Wenzhou | /t͡sei⁴²/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /t͡si³²⁴/ |
Tunxi | /t͡se⁴²/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /t͡si⁵⁵/ |
Xiangtan | /t͡si⁵⁵/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /t͡ɕʰi⁴⁵/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /t͡si⁵³/ |
Taoyuan | /t͡si⁵⁵/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sɐi³³/ |
Nanning | /t͡sɐi³³/ | |
Hong Kong | /t͡sɐi³³/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /t͡se²¹/ |
Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /t͡si²¹²/ | |
Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /t͡si³³/ | |
Shantou (Min Nan) | /t͡si²¹³/ | |
Haikou (Min Nan) | /t͡si³⁵/ |
Rime | ||
---|---|---|
Character | 祭 | 祭 |
Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
Initial (聲) | 精 (13) | 莊 (18) |
Final (韻) | 祭 (35) | 皆 (33) |
Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Departing (H) |
Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
Division (等) | III | II |
Fanqie | 子例切 | 側界切 |
Reconstructions | ||
Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/t͡siᴇiH/ | /t͡ʃˠɛiH/ |
Pan Wuyun |
/t͡siɛiH/ | /ʈ͡ʂᵚæiH/ |
Shao Rongfen |
/t͡sjæiH/ | /t͡ʃɐiH/ |
Edwin Pulleyblank |
/t͡siajH/ | /ʈ͡ʂəɨjH/ |
Li Rong |
/t͡siɛiH/ | /t͡ʃɛiH/ |
Wang Li |
/t͡sĭɛiH/ | /t͡ʃɐiH/ |
Bernard Karlgren |
/t͡si̯ɛiH/ | /ʈ͡ʂăiH/ |
Expected Mandarin Reflex |
jì | zhài |
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
---|---|---|
Character | 祭 | 祭 |
Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
jì | zhài |
Middle Chinese |
‹ tsjejH › | ‹ tsrɛjH › |
Old Chinese |
/*[ts]et-s/ | /*[ts](ˤ)re[t]-s/ |
English | sacrifice | (name of a state) |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
---|---|---|
Character | 祭 | 祭 |
Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
No. | 5838 | 5839 |
Phonetic component |
祭 | 祭 |
Rime group |
祭 | 祭 |
Rime subdivision |
2 | 2 |
Corresponding MC rime |
瘵 | 祭 |
Old Chinese |
/*ʔsreːds/ | /*ʔsleds/ |
Noun
祭
- a ceremony where one offers sacrifices to one's ancestors
Verb
祭
References
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典)
- (Min Nan) “Entry #7709”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
Korean
Hanja
祭 • (je, chae) (hangeul 제, 채, revised je, chae, McCune-Reischauer che, ch'ae, Yale cey, chay)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
祭 (tế, sái)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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