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Definition 2025
側
側
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See also: 侧
Translingual
Han character
側 (radical 9 人+9, 11 strokes, cangjie input 人月金弓 (OBCN), four-corner 22200, composition ⿰亻則)
References
- KangXi: page 111, character 34
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 897
- Dae Jaweon: page 238, character 6
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 189, character 12
- Unihan data for U+5074
Chinese
| trad. | 側 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 侧 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 側 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
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|
References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
|
| Characters in the same phonetic series (則) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 廁 | *sʰrɯɡs, *sʰrɯɡ |
| 則 | *ʔsɯːɡ |
| 賊 | *zɯːɡ |
| 鰂 | *zɯːɡ |
| 鱡 | *zɯːɡ |
| 蠈 | *zɯːɡ |
| 側 | *ʔsrɯɡ |
| 萴 | *ʔsrɯɡ, *zrɯɡ |
| 測 | *sʰrɯɡ |
| 惻 | *sʰrɯɡ |
| 崱 | *zrɯɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ʔsrɯɡ) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 則 (OC *ʔsɯːɡ).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): zak1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chet
- Min Dong (BUC): cháik / cáik
- Min Nan (POJ): chhek
- Wu (Wiktionary): tseq (T4)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄘㄜˋ
- Wade-Giles: ts'ê4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tseh
- IPA (key): /t͡sʰɤ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: zak1
- Yale: jāk
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzak7
- IPA (key): /t͡sɐk̚⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chet
- Hakka Romanization System: zed`
- Hagfa Pinyim: zed5
- IPA: /t͡set̚²/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: cháik / cáik
- IPA (key): /t͡sʰaiʔ²⁴/, /t͡saiʔ²⁴/
- Note: cháik - “side”; cáik - “to lean to one side”.
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhek
- Tâi-lô: tshik
- Phofsit Daibuun: zheg
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡ɕʰiɪk̚³²/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕʰiɪk̚⁵/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕʰiɪk̚³²/
- IPA (Taipei): /t͡ɕʰiɪk̚³²/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕʰiɪk̚³²/
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: tseq (T4)
- IPA (key): /t͡səʔ⁵⁵/
- (Shanghainese)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 側 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡sʰɤ⁵¹/ |
| Harbin |
/t͡sʰɤ⁵³/ /t͡sai⁴⁴/ /ʈ͡ʂai⁴⁴/ |
|
| Tianjin | /t͡sʰɤ⁵³/ | |
| Jinan | /ʈ͡ʂei²¹³/ | |
| Qingdao |
/t͡sʰə⁵⁵/ /ʈ͡ʂʰe⁵⁵/ /ʈ͡ʂe⁵⁵/ |
|
| Zhengzhou | /ʈ͡ʂʰɛ²⁴/ | |
| Xi'an |
/t͡sei²¹/ ～棱子睡 /t͡sʰei²¹/ ～面 |
|
| Xining | /t͡sʰɨ⁴⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /t͡sʰə¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /ʈ͡ʂʰə¹³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /t͡sʰɤ²¹³/ | |
| Wuhan | /t͡sʰɤ²¹³/ | |
| Chengdu |
/t͡sʰe³¹/ /t͡se³¹/ |
|
| Guiyang |
/t͡sɛ²¹/ ～邊 /t͡sʰɛ²¹/ ～起過 |
|
| Kunming | /t͡sʰə³¹/ | |
| Nanjing | /t͡sʰəʔ⁵/ | |
| Hefei | /t͡sʰɐʔ⁵/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡sʰaʔ²/ |
| Pingyao | /t͡sʰʌʔ¹³/ | |
| Hohhot |
/t͡saʔ⁴³/ ～楞 /t͡sʰaʔ⁴³/ ～面 |
|
| Wu | Shanghai |
/t͡sʰəʔ⁵/ /t͡səʔ⁵/ |
| Suzhou | /t͡səʔ⁵/ | |
| Hangzhou | /t͡səʔ⁵/ | |
| Wenzhou |
/t͡sʰe²¹³/ /t͡se²¹³/ /t͡sei²¹³/ |
|
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡sʰɛʔ²¹/ |
| Tunxi | /t͡sʰa⁵/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡sə²⁴/ |
| Xiangtan | /t͡sæ²⁴/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡sɛʔ⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /t͡set̚¹/ |
| Taoyuan | /t͡set̚²²/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sɐk̚⁵/ |
| Nanning | /t͡sɐk̚⁵⁵/ | |
| Hong Kong | /t͡sɐk̚⁵/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /t͡sʰik̚³²/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /t͡sʰaiʔ²³/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) |
/t͡sɛ²⁴/ /t͡sʰɛ²⁴/ |
|
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /t͡sʰek̚²/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) |
/sek̚⁵/ /sɔk̚⁵/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 側 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 莊 (18) |
| Final (韻) | 職 (134) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 阻力切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/t͡ʃɨk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ʈ͡ʂɨk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/t͡ʃiek̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ʈ͡ʂik̚/ |
| Li Rong |
/t͡ʃiək̚/ |
| Wang Li |
/t͡ʃĭək̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ʈ͡ʂi̯ək̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
zhe |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 側 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
cè |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ tsrik › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[ts]rək/ |
| English | slanting, oblique; side |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 側 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 16600 |
| Phonetic component |
則 |
| Rime group |
職 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
稄 |
| Old Chinese |
/*ʔsrɯɡ/ |
Definitions
側
Compounds
Derived terms from 側
Japanese
Kanji
側
Readings
Compounds
Compounds
|
Related terms
- 側か (honoka)
- 側む (sobamu)
- 側仕え (sobazukae)
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 側 |
|
がわ Grade: 4 |
| kun'yomi |
Pronunciation
Noun
側 (hiragana がわ, romaji gawa, historical hiragana がは)
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 側 |
|
そば Grade: 4 |
| kun'yomi |
Pronunciation
Alternative forms
Noun
Etymology 3
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 側 |
|
かわ Grade: 4 |
| kun'yomi |
Pronunciation
Noun
側 (hiragana かわ, romaji kawa, historical hiragana かは)
Etymology 4
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 側 |
|
はた Grade: 4 |
| Irregular |
Pronunciation
Alternative forms
Noun
Etymology 5
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 側 |
|
かたわら Grade: 4 |
| Irregular |
Pronunciation
- (Irregular reading)
- (Tokyo) かたわら [kàtáwárá] (Heiban - [0])[1][2]
- (Tokyo) かたわら [kàtáwáráꜜ] (Odaka - [4])[2]
- IPA(key): [ka̠ta̠ɰᵝa̠ɾ̠a̠]
Alternative forms
Noun
側 (hiragana かたわら, romaji katawara, historical hiragana かたはら)
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3
Korean
Hanja
側 • (cheuk) (hangeul 측, revised cheuk, McCune-Reischauer ch'ŭk)
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