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Definition 2024
味
味
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See also: 昧
Translingual
Han character
味 (radical 30 口+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 口十木 (RJD), four-corner 65090, composition ⿰口未)
References
- KangXi: page 182, character 13
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3456
- Dae Jaweon: page 401, character 14
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 597, character 6
- Unihan data for U+5473
Chinese
|
simp. and trad. |
味 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
| Characters in the same phonetic series (未) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 寐 | *mids |
| 魅 | *mrɯds |
| 鬽 | *mrɯds |
| 昧 | *mɯːds |
| 妹 | *mɯːds |
| 眛 | *maːds, *mɯːds |
| 沬 | *maːds, *hmɯːds, *mɯds |
| 未 | *mɯds |
| 味 | *mɯds |
| 鮇 | *mɯds |
| 菋 | *mɯds |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *mɯds) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 未 (OC *mɯds).
Etymology
Schuessler (2007) compared this word with Proto-Monic *[ʔ]məp ("good tasting, have a pleasant flavour, be pleasant") > Mon မိပ် (mìp, “to be happy, to enjoy”). Unger (1992) connects this with Tibetan བྲོད (brod) (< བྲོ་བ (bro ba, “to taste”)). Also compare Korean 맛 (mas, “taste”) / 멋 (mes, “taste; charm”).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): mei6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): mi
- Min Dong (BUC): ê / mê
- Min Nan
- Wu (Wiktionary): mi (T3); vi (T3)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄨㄟˋ
- Wade-Giles: wei4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wey
- IPA (key): /u̯eɪ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing, erhua-ed) (味兒／味儿)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄨㄟˋㄦ
- Wade-Giles: weirh4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: weill
- IPA (key): /wəɻ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: mei6
- Yale: meih
- Cantonese Pinyin: mei6
- IPA (key): /mei̯²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mi
- Hakka Romanization System: mi
- Hagfa Pinyim: mi4
- IPA: /mi⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ê / mê
- IPA (key): /ɛi²⁴²/, /mɛi²⁴²/
- Note: ê - taste, smell, food; mê - (figurative) taste, fun, interest.
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bī
- Tâi-lô: bī
- Phofsit Daibuun: bi
- IPA (Xiamen): /bi²²/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /bi⁴¹/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /bi²²/
- IPA (Taipei): /bi³³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /bi³³/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: bhi7
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: bī
- IPA (key): /bi¹¹/
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: mi (T3); vi (T3)
- IPA (key): /mi²³/, /v̻i²³/
- Note: 3mi - colloquial; 3vi - literary.
- (Shanghainese)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 味 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /uei⁵¹/ |
| Harbin | /uei⁵³/ | |
| Tianjin | /vei⁵³/ | |
| Jinan | /vei²¹/ | |
| Qingdao | /ve⁴²/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /uei³¹²/ | |
| Xi'an | /vi⁴⁴/ | |
| Xining | /uɨ²¹³/ | |
| Yinchuan | /vei¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /vei¹³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /vei²¹³/ | |
| Wuhan | /uei³⁵/ | |
| Chengdu | /uei¹³/ | |
| Guiyang | /uei²¹³/ | |
| Kunming | /uei²¹²/ | |
| Nanjing | /uəi⁴⁴/ | |
| Hefei | /ue⁵³/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /vei⁴⁵/ |
| Pingyao | /uei³⁵/ | |
| Hohhot | /vei⁵⁵/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai |
/mi²³/ /vi²³/ |
| Suzhou |
/vi³¹/ /mi³¹/ |
|
| Hangzhou | /vi¹³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /mei²²/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /ue²²/ |
| Tunxi | /ue¹¹/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha |
/uei⁵⁵/ /uei¹¹/ |
| Xiangtan | /uəi²¹/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /ui²¹/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /mi⁵³/ |
| Taoyuan | /mui⁵⁵/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /mei²²/ |
| Nanning | /mi²²/ | |
| Hong Kong | /mei²²/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /bi²²/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /ɛi²⁴²/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /mi⁴⁴/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /bi³¹/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) | /vi²³/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 味 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 明 (4) |
| Final (韻) | 微 (21) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 無沸切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/mʉiH/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/mʷɨiH/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/miuəiH/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/mujH/ |
| Li Rong |
/miuəiH/ |
| Wang Li |
/mĭwəiH/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/mwe̯iH/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
wèi |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 味 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
wèi |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ mjɨjH › |
| Old Chinese |
/*m[ə]t-s/ |
| English | taste (n.) |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 味 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 12918 |
| Phonetic component |
未 |
| Rime group |
隊 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
未 |
| Old Chinese |
/*mɯds/ |
Definitions
味
- taste, flavor
- smell, odor (Classifier: 股 m; 陣／阵 c)
- food
- 海味 ― hǎiwèi ― seafood [i.e. taste of the sea]
- to taste; to reflect on, to experience
- 品味 ― pǐnwèi ― to taste; to appreciate
- interest, fun, taste
- Classifier for ingredients of a Chinese medicine prescription.
Compounds
Derived terms from 味
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Descendants
Others:
- Proto-Hmong-Mien: *hmeiᴴ (“taste; to try”)
- Vietnamese: mùi (“smell”)
Japanese
Kanji
味
Readings
Compounds
Noun
Suffix
- (after an i-adjective stem) -ness; any degree of being
Korean
Hanja
味 • (mi) (hangeul 미, revised mi, McCune-Reischauer mi)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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