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Definition 2024
明
明
See also: 日月
Translingual
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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Han character
明 (radical 72 日+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 日月 (AB), four-corner 67020, composition ⿰日月)
References
- KangXi: page 491, character 12
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13805
- Dae Jaweon: page 852, character 18
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1491, character 8
- Unihan data for U+660E
Chinese
|
simp. and trad. |
明 | |
|---|---|---|
| alt. forms | 朙 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 明
| |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Large seal script | Small seal script |
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| Characters in the same phonetic series (明) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 莔 | *mraːŋ, *qʰɯd |
| 明 | *mraŋ |
| 盟 | *mraŋ, *mraːŋs |
| 萌 | *mreːŋ |
| 奣 | *ʔmraːŋʔ |
Traditionally interpreted as an ideogrammic compound (會意) : 日 (“sun”) + 月 (“moon”). However, the etymology may be more complex, as older forms of the character show the moon shining through a window (朙).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): ming4
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): mìn
- Min Dong (BUC): màng / mìng
- Min Nan (POJ): bîn / mê / miâ / bêng
- Wu (Wiktionary): men (T3); min (T3)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄥˊ
- Wade-Giles: ming2
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ming
- IPA (key): /miŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: ming4
- Yale: mìhng
- Cantonese Pinyin: ming4
- IPA (key): /mɪŋ²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mìn
- Hakka Romanization System: minˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: min2
- IPA: /min¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: màng / mìng
- IPA (key): /maŋ⁵³/, /miŋ⁵³/
- Note: màng - vernacular; mìng - literary.
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bîn / mê / miâ / bêng
- Tâi-lô: bîn / mê / miâ / bîng
- Phofsit Daibuun: biin, mee, miaa, beeng
- IPA (Xiamen): /bin²⁴/, /me²⁴/, /mia²⁴/, /biɪŋ²⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /bin²⁴/, /me²⁴/, /mia²⁴/, /biɪŋ²⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /bin¹³/, /me¹³/, /mia¹³/, /biɪŋ¹³/
- IPA (Taipei): /bin²⁴/, /me²⁴/, /mia²⁴/, /biɪŋ²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /bin²³/, /me²³/, /mia²³/, /biɪŋ²³/
- Note: bîn/mê/miâ - vernacular; bêng - literary.
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: men (T3); min (T3)
- IPA (key): /məɲ²³/, /mɪɲ²³/
- Note: 3men - vernacular; 3min - literary.
- (Shanghainese)
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 明 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 明 (4) |
| Final (韻) | 庚 (111) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 武兵切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/mˠiæŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/mᵚiaŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/miaŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/miajŋ/ |
| Li Rong |
/miɐŋ/ |
| Wang Li |
/mĭɐŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/mi̯ɐŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
míng |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 明 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
míng |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ mjæng › |
| Old Chinese |
/*mraŋ/ |
| English | bright |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 明 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 9188 |
| Phonetic component |
明 |
| Rime group |
陽 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
明 |
| Old Chinese |
/*mraŋ/ |
Definitions
明
- bright; light; brilliant
- clear
- tomorrow
- next; following
- to understand
- Ming Dynasty
- A surname, listed as #111 on the Baijiaxing
Compounds
Derived terms from 明
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Japanese
Kanji
明
Readings
- Goon: みょう (myō)
- Kan’on: めい (mei)
- Tōon: みん (min)
- Kun: あかるい (明るい, akarui), あきらか (明らか, akiraka), あける (明ける, akeru), あかす (明かす, akasu)
Compounds
Derived terms
- 暁 (akatsuki): dawn, daybreak
- 明白 (akarasama): plain, frank, candid
- 赤 (aka): red
- 明々と (akāka to), 赤々と (akāka to): brilliantly, clearly
- 明らか (akiraka): obvious, clear, evident
- 明け (ake): dawn, daybreak
Proper noun
明 (hiragana あきら, romaji Akira)
- A male given name
Korean
Hanja
明 • (myeong) (hangeul 명, revised myeong, McCune-Reischauer myŏng, Yale myeng)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
明 (minh)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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