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Definition 2024

綱

綱

See also: 纲

Translingual

Han character

綱 (radical 120 糸+8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 女火月廿山 (VFBTU), four-corner 27920)

  1. heavy rope, hawser
  2. main points
  3. (biological classification) class

References

  • KangXi: page 927, character 24
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27576
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1364, character 30
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3414, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+7DB1

Chinese

trad. 綱
simp. 纲

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (岡) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
岡 *klaːŋ
崗 *klaːŋ
剛 *klaːŋ
掆 *klaːŋ, *klaːŋs
鋼 *klaːŋ, *klaːŋs
綱 *klaːŋ
犅 *klaːŋ
堈 *klaːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *klaːŋ) : semantic 糸 ‎(“rope”) + phonetic 岡 ‎(OC *klaːŋ).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 綱
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 唐 (101)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 古郎切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kɑŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kɑŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kɑŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kaŋ/
Li
Rong		 /kɑŋ/
Wang
Li		 /kɑŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /kɑŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 gāng
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 綱
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 gāng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ kang ›
Old
Chinese		 /*kˤaŋ/
English guiding rope of net

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 綱
Reading # 1/1
No. 3716
Phonetic
component		 岡
Rime
group		 陽
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 岡
Old
Chinese		 /*klaːŋ/

Noun

綱

  1. guiding principle
  2. essential part, key part
  3. program, outline
  4. (taxonomy) class
  5. (archaic) headrope, main rope of a fishing net

Compounds

References

  • 綱 in CEDICT on MDBG

Japanese

Kanji

綱

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Kanji in this term
綱
つな
Grade: S
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

綱 ‎(hiragana つな, romaji tsuna)

  1. rope

References

  1. ↑ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
  2. ↑ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3

Korean

Hanja

綱 • ‎(gang) (hangeul 강, revised gang, McCune-Reischauer kang, Yale kang)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Okinawan

Kanji

綱

Etymology

Cognate with mainland Japanese 綱 ‎(tsuna).

Noun

綱 ‎(hiragana ちな, romaji china)

  1. rope

Vietnamese

Han character

綱 (cương, cáng)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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