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Definition 2024
柔
柔
Translingual
Han character
柔 (radical 75 木+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 弓竹木 (NHD), four-corner 17904, composition ⿱矛木)
References
- KangXi: page 519, character 5
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14622
- Dae Jaweon: page 907, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1192, character 2
- Unihan data for U+67D4
Chinese
simp. and trad. |
柔 |
---|
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (矛) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
---|---|
Old Chinese | |
堥 | *muː, *mu |
蓩 | *muːʔ, *moːɡ |
猱 | *ml'uː, *mljiwʔ, *ml'us |
茅 | *mruː |
罞 | *mruː, *muːŋ |
蝥 | *mruː, *mu, *mo, *moɡs |
鶜 | *mruː |
瞀 | *moːɡs, *mroːɡ |
愗 | *moːɡs |
袤 | *mus |
雺 | *mus, *mu, *muːŋ, *muːŋs |
懋 | *mus |
楙 | *mus |
矛 | *mu |
蟊 | *mu |
髳 | *mu, *muːŋ |
鍪 | *mu |
鞪 | *mu, *moːɡ |
糅 | *ml'us |
腬 | *ml'us, *mlju |
柔 | *mlju |
揉 | *mju |
蹂 | *mju, *mjuʔ, *mjus |
鍒 | *mju |
騥 | *mju |
蝚 | *mju |
葇 | *mju, *mjuʔ |
鞣 | *mju, *mjus |
鰇 | *mju |
瑈 | *mju |
鶔 | *mju |
楺 | *mjuʔ |
煣 | *mjuʔ, *mjus |
輮 | *mjuʔ, *mjus |
韖 | *mjuʔ |
敄 | *moʔ, *mos |
務 | *moɡs |
鶩 | *moɡs, *moːɡ |
騖 | *moɡs |
婺 | *moɡs |
霚 | *moɡs, *moːŋ |
嵍 | *moɡs |
霧 | *moɡs, *moːŋ |
霿 | *moːŋ, *moːŋs |
楘 | *moːɡ |
Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 矛 + 木 (“tree”) – wood soft enough that it can easily be cut.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄖㄡˊ
- Wade-Giles: jou2
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: rou
- IPA (key): /ʐoʊ̯³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: jau4
- Yale: yàuh
- Cantonese Pinyin: jau4
- IPA (key): /jɐu̯²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Dialectal data▼
Variety | Location | 柔 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /ʐou³⁵/ |
Harbin | /ʐou²⁴/ | |
Tianjin |
/iou⁴⁵/ /ʐou⁴⁵/ |
|
Jinan | /ʐou⁴²/ | |
Qingdao | /iou⁴²/ | |
Zhengzhou | /ʐou⁴²/ | |
Xi'an | /ʐou²⁴/ | |
Xining | /ʐɯ²¹³/ | |
Yinchuan | /ʐəu⁵³/ | |
Lanzhou | /ʐou⁵³/ | |
Ürümqi | /ʐɤu⁵¹/ | |
Wuhan | /nəu²¹³/ | |
Chengdu | /zəu³¹/ | |
Guiyang | /zəu²¹/ | |
Kunming | /ʐəu³¹/ | |
Nanjing | /ʐəɯ²⁴/ | |
Hefei | /ʐɯ⁵⁵/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /zəu¹¹/ |
Pingyao | /ʐəu¹³/ | |
Hohhot | /ʐəu³¹/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /zɤ²³/ |
Suzhou | /zɤ¹³/ | |
Hangzhou | /zei²¹³/ | |
Wenzhou | /jɤu³¹/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /iu⁴⁴/ |
Tunxi | ||
Xiang | Changsha | /iəu¹³/ |
Xiangtan | /iəɯ¹²/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | |
Hakka | Meixian | /iu¹¹/ |
Taoyuan | /ʒiu¹¹/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /jɐu²¹/ |
Nanning | /jɐu²¹/ | |
Hong Kong | /jɐu²¹/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /liu³⁵/ |
Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /ieu⁵³/ | |
Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /iu²¹/ | |
Shantou (Min Nan) | /zĩu⁵⁵/ | |
Haikou (Min Nan) | /ziu²¹³/ |
Rime | |
---|---|
Character | 柔 |
Reading # | 1/1 |
Initial (聲) | 日 (38) |
Final (韻) | 尤 (136) |
Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
Openness (開合) | Open |
Division (等) | III |
Fanqie | 耳由切 |
Reconstructions | |
Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ȵɨu/ |
Pan Wuyun |
/ȵiu/ |
Shao Rongfen |
/ȵʑiəu/ |
Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ȵuw/ |
Li Rong |
/ȵiu/ |
Wang Li |
/ȵʑĭəu/ |
Bernard Karlgren |
/ȵʑi̯ə̯u/ |
Expected Mandarin Reflex |
róu |
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
---|---|
Character | 柔 |
Reading # | 1/1 |
Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
róu |
Middle Chinese |
‹ nyuw › |
Old Chinese |
/*nu/ |
English | soft |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
---|---|
Character | 柔 |
Reading # | 1/1 |
No. | 8825 |
Phonetic component |
矛 |
Rime group |
幽 |
Rime subdivision |
1 |
Corresponding MC rime |
柔 |
Old Chinese |
/*mlju/ |
Definitions
柔
Compounds
Japanese
Kanji
柔
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.
Readings
- Goon: にゅう (nyū) < にう (niu)
- Kan’on: じゅう (jū) < じう (jiu)
- Kun: やわらかい (yawarakai) < やはらかい (yaharakai), やわらげる (yawarageru) < やはらげる (yaharageru), やわらぐ (yawaragu) < やはらぐ (yaharagu)
Compounds
Compounds
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term |
---|
柔 |
やわ Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
Pronunciation
Adjectival noun
柔 (-na inflection, hiragana やわ, romaji yawa, historical hiragana やは)
Etymology 2
Noun
柔 (hiragana やわら, romaji yawara, historical hiragana やはら)
- A small handheld metal weapon; like a 'fist-iron'; either one or two small, thick sticks which stick out about an inch from each side of the hand--usually used in pairs to initiate throws, bone breaks, and pressure point strikes; inspired from the vajra/kongō.
See also
- 柔 on the Japanese Wikipedia.Wikipedia ja
Etymology 3
Kanji in this term |
---|
柔 |
じゅう Grade: S |
on'yomi |
Pronunciation
Noun
柔 (hiragana じゅう, romaji jū, historical hiragana じう)
References
- 1 2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
- 1 2 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3
Korean
Hanja
柔 • (yu) (hangeul 유, revised yu, McCune-Reischauer yu, Yale yu)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.
Vietnamese
Han character
柔 (nhu)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.