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Definition 2024

功

功

功 U+529F, 功
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-529F
← 办
[U+529E] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 加 →
[U+52A0]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

功 (radical 19 力+3, 5 strokes, cangjie input 一大尸 (MKS), four-corner 14127, composition ⿰工力)

  1. achievement, merit, good result

References

  • KangXi: page 146, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2295
  • Dae Jaweon: page 328, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 365, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+529F

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 功

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 功
Large seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (工) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
缸 *kroːŋ, *ɡroːŋ
篢 *kluːmʔ, *koːŋ
贑 *kluːmʔ
涳 *ŋr'oːŋ, *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ
江 *kroːŋ
肛 *kroːŋ, *qʰroːŋ
扛 *kroːŋ
杠 *kroːŋ
豇 *kroːŋ
茳 *kroːŋ
釭 *kroːŋ, *koːŋ, *kuːŋ
矼 *kroːŋ
玒 *kroːŋ, *koːŋ
虹 *kroːŋs, *koːŋs, *ɡoːŋ
腔 *kʰroːŋ
崆 *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ
羫 *kʰroːŋ
控 *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋs
椌 *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ
悾 *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ, *kʰoːŋs
跫 *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoŋ, *ɡoŋ
啌 *qʰroːŋ
谾 *qʰroːŋ, *qʰoːŋ
舡 *qʰroːŋ
缻 *ɡroːŋ
項 *ɡroːŋʔ
屸 *ɡ·roːŋ
功 *koːŋ
工 *koːŋ
疘 *koːŋ
魟 *koːŋ, *qʰoːŋ, *ɡoːŋ
攻 *koːŋ, *kuːŋ
愩 *koːŋ
碽 *koːŋ
貢 *koːŋs
羾 *koːŋs
空 *kʰoːŋ, *kʰoːŋs
箜 *kʰoːŋ
硿 *kʰoːŋ
埪 *kʰoːŋ
鵼 *kʰoːŋ
倥 *kʰoːŋ, *kʰoːŋʔ, *kʰoːŋs
鞚 *kʰoːŋs
叿 *qʰoːŋ
嗊 *qʰoːŋʔ
訌 *ɡoːŋ
紅 *ɡoːŋ
仜 *ɡoːŋ
葒 *ɡoːŋ
渱 *ɡoːŋ
鴻 *ɡoːŋ, *ɡoːŋʔ
汞 *ɡoːŋʔ
澒 *ɡoːŋʔ
鞏 *koŋʔ
巩 *koŋʔ
銎 *kʰoŋ, *qʰoŋ
恐 *kʰoŋʔ, *kʰoŋs
蛩 *ɡoŋ
筇 *ɡoŋ
桏 *ɡoŋ
邛 *ɡoŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *koːŋ) : phonetic 工 ‎(OC *koːŋ) + semantic 力 ‎(“strength”).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 功
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 東 (1)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 古紅切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kuŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kuŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kuŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kəwŋ/
Li
Rong		 /kuŋ/
Wang
Li		 /kuŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /kuŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 gōng
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 功
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 gōng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ kuwng ›
Old
Chinese		 /*kˤoŋ/
English work, effort

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 功
Reading # 1/1
No. 4021
Phonetic
component		 工
Rime
group		 東
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 公
Old
Chinese		 /*koːŋ/

Definitions

功

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

功

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Noun

功 ‎(hiragana こう, romaji kō)

  1. a success, a great achievement

功 ‎(hiragana いさお, romaji isao)

  1. Alternative form of 勲

Proper noun

功 ‎(hiragana いさお, romaji Isao)

  1. A male given name

Korean

Hanja

功 • ‎(gong) (hangeul 공, revised gong, McCune-Reischauer kong)

Noun

功 • ‎(gong) ‎(hangeul 공)

  1. service, credit, meritorious deed
  2. effort, labor, elaboration

Vietnamese

Han character

功 (công)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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