Etymology

Sino-Vietnamese word from 分詞 (“participle”) and 過去 (“past”), calque of Chinese 過去分詞 ‎(quá khứ phân từ)

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [fɜn˧˧ tɨ̞̠˨˩ kwaː˧ˀ˦ xɨ̞̠˧ˀ˦]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [fɜŋ˧˧ tɨ̞̠ɰ˧˧ kwaː˩ˀ˧ xɨ̞̠ɰ˩ˀ˧]
• (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA^(key): [fɜŋ˧˥ tɨ̞̠ɰ˨˩ waː˦ˀ˥ xɨ̞̠ɰ˦ˀ˥]