Hungarian

Suffix

-val

1. (case suffix) with. Used to form the instrumental case.

   hajó ‎(“ship”) → hajóval ‎(“by ship”)

Usage notes

• (case suffix) Harmonic variants:

  -val is added to back vowel words. Final -a changes to -á-.

  anya ‎(“mother”) → Anyával mentem vásárolni. - I went to shop with Mother.

  -vel is added to front vowel words. Final -e changes to -é-.

  zene ‎(“music”) → Zenével szórakoztatta a vendégeket. - He entertained the guests with music.

• When it is added to a word ending in a consonant, the v assimilates with the final consonant, and the final consonant becomes long:

  busz ‎(“bus”) → busz + val = busszal - by bus (buszval is a non-standard form, although it could still be heard in some dialects)

  segítség ‎(“help”) → segítség + vel = segítséggel - with help

See also

• vele
• Category:Hungarian words taking -val/-vel
• Category:Hungarian noun forms
• Appendix:Hungarian suffixes