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Definition 2025

與

與

See also: 与

Translingual

Shinjitai 与
Simplified 与
Traditional 與

Han character

與 (radical 134 臼+8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 竹X卜金 (HXYC), four-corner 77801)

Derived characters

Descendants

References

  • KangXi: page 1004, character 13
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30212
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1460, character 27
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 251, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+8207

Chinese

trad. 與
simp. 与
alt. forms 与

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 與
Bronze inscriptions Bamboo and silk script Large seal script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (舁) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
攑 *kʰlan
藇 *sla, *ljaʔ, *la, *laʔ, *las
嶼 *ljaʔ
鱮 *ljaʔ
舉 *klaʔ
櫸 *klaʔ
舁 *la
與 *la, *laʔ, *las
輿 *la, *las
旟 *la
璵 *la
歟 *la, *laʔ, *las
譽 *la, *las
嬩 *la
擧 *la
鸒 *la, *las
礜 *las
穥 *las

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *la, *laʔ, *las) : phonetic 舁 ‎(OC *la) + semantic 牙 .

Pronunciation 1

Rime
Character 與
Reading # 2/3
Initial (聲) 以 (36)
Final (韻) 魚 (22)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 余吕切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /jɨʌX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /jiɔX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /iɔX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /jɨə̆X/
Li
Rong		 /iɔX/
Wang
Li		 /jĭoX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /i̯woX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yǔ
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 與
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 yǔ
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ yoX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*m-q(r)aʔ/
English give; for; and

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 與
Reading # 2/3
No. 15901
Phonetic
component		 舁
Rime
group		 魚
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese		 /*laʔ/
Notes 舁分化字

Definitions

與

  1. to give; to offer
    贈與 / 赠与  ―  zèngyǔ  ―  to gift
  2. † to agree; to allow; to permit
  3. † to help; to support
    與人為善 / 与人为善  ―  yǔrénwéishàn  ―  to help others
  4. † to get close to
  5. † to follow
  6. † to befriend; to get along with; to associate with
    • 相與 / 相与  ―  xiàngyǔ  ―  to get along with somebody
  7. † to fight
  8. † to deal with; to cope
  9. † to compare
  10. † to wait
  11. † to choose; to elect
  12. †clique
  13. †allied country
    與國 / 与国  ―  yǔguó  ―  allied country
  14. with
    我與這事無關。 / 我与这事无关。  ―  Wǒ yǔ zhè shì wúguān.  ―  I have nothing to do with the matter.
  15. for
  16. †(passive) by
  17. used to introduce the recipient of an action
    與人民為敵 / 与人民为敌  ―  yǔ rénmín wéi dí  ―  to be hostile to the people
  18. and
    山與水 / 山与水  ―  shān yǔ shuǐ  ―  mountains and waters
  19. †rather than
    與其 / 与其  ―  yǔqí  ―  rather than
  20. A surname​.
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 和 (“and”)
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 與、及
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 和
Mandarin Beijing 和、跟
Taiwan 和、跟
Jinan 和、跟、給
Xi'an 跟、連
Wuhan 跟
Chengdu 跟、給
Yangzhou 跟、交
Hefei 跟
Cantonese Guangzhou 同、同埋
Hong Kong 同、同埋
Taishan 同埋
Yangjiang 鄧、同
Gan Nanchang 跟、同
Hakka Meixian 同
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 摎
Liudui (S. Sixian) 同
Hsinchu (Hailu) 摎
Dongshi (Dabu) 同
Zhuolan (Raoping) 摎
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 和
Jin Taiyuan 和、跟
Min Bei Jian'ou 邀
Min Dong Fuzhou 共
Min Nan Quanzhou 佮
Xiamen 佮
Zhangzhou 佮
Taipei 佮
Malaysia 佮
Chaozhou 佮、共
Wu Shanghai 搭
Suzhou 搭
Wenzhou 搭、伉
Xiang Changsha 跟
Shuangfeng 跟、同

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Rime
Character 與
Reading # 3/3
Initial (聲) 以 (36)
Final (韻) 魚 (22)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 羊洳切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /jɨʌH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /jiɔH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /iɔH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /jɨə̆H/
Li
Rong		 /iɔH/
Wang
Li		 /jĭoH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /i̯woH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yù
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 與
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 yù
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ yoH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*ɢ(r)aʔ-s/
English participate in

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 與
Reading # 3/3
No. 15904
Phonetic
component		 舁
Rime
group		 魚
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 豫
Old
Chinese		 /*las/

Definitions

與

  1. to participate
    參與 / 参与  ―  cānyù  ―  to participate
  2. † to interfere

Compounds

Pronunciation 3

Rime
Character 與
Reading # 1/3
Initial (聲) 以 (36)
Final (韻) 魚 (22)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 以諸切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /jɨʌ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /jiɔ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /iɔ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /jɨə̆/
Li
Rong		 /iɔ/
Wang
Li		 /jĭo/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /i̯wo/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yú
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 與
Reading # 1/3
No. 15891
Phonetic
component		 舁
Rime
group		 魚
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 余
Old
Chinese		 /*la/
Notes 舁分化字，中加牙表咬牙合力，牙兼聲

Definitions

與

  1. †Used for expressing an exclamatory, doubtful or questioning tone; same as 歟／欤 (yú).

Japanese

Kanji

與

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 与)

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Readings

Korean

Hanja

與 • ‎(yeo) (hangeul 여, revised yeo, McCune-Reischauer yŏ, Yale ye)

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Vietnamese

Han character

與 (dữ, trở)

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