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Definition 2024

橋

橋

See also: 桥

Translingual

Han character

橋 (radical 75 木+12, 16 strokes, cangjie input 木竹大月 (DHKB), four-corner 42927, composition ⿰木喬)

References

  • KangXi: page 553, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15526
  • Dae Jaweon: page 941, character 17
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1292, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+6A4B

Chinese

trad. 橋
simp. 桥

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 橋
Large seal script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (喬) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
驕 *krew
嬌 *krew, *krewʔ, *ɡrew
憍 *krew, *kʰrew
穚 *krew
鷮 *krew, *ɡrew
蕎 *krew, *ɡrew
喬 *krew, *ɡrew
簥 *krew
撟 *krew, *krewʔ
矯 *krewʔ
鱎 *krewʔ
敽 *krewʔ
蟜 *krewʔ, *ɡrew
譑 *krewʔ, *kʰews
蹻 *krewʔ, *kʰew, *ɡrew, *kewɢ, *ɡewɢ
繑 *kʰew
鞽 *kʰrew
趫 *kʰrew, *ɡrew
嘺 *ɡew
橋 *ɡrew
僑 *ɡrew
鐈 *ɡrew
毊 *ɡrew, *qʰrew
轎 *ɡrew, *ɡrews
嶠 *ɡrews
獢 *qʰrew
屩 *kewɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡrew) : semantic 木 ‎(“wood”) + phonetic 喬 ‎(OC *krew, *ɡrew).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 橋
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 群 (30)
Final (韻) 宵 (92)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) Chongniu III
Fanqie 巨嬌切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɡˠiᴇu/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɡᵚiɛu/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɡiæu/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /giaw/
Li
Rong		 /ɡjɛu/
Wang
Li		 /ɡĭɛu/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /gi̯ɛu/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 qiáo
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 橋
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 qiáo
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ gjew ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ɡ](r)aw/
English bridge

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 橋
Reading # 1/1
No. 10351
Phonetic
component		 喬
Rime
group		 宵
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 喬
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡrew/

Definitions

橋

  1. a footbridge, a (small) bridge
    橋樑 / 桥梁  ―  qiáoliáng  ―  bridge
  2. beam, crosspiece

Usage notes

Most of the things English terms bridges—as over rivers—are described in modern Chinese as 橋樑／桥梁, whereas 橋 is used for small, level crossings, as over canals or small ditches.

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

橋

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Compounds

Etymology

Kanji in this term
橋
はし
Grade: 3
kun'yomi

/pasi/ → /ɸasi/ → /hasi/

From Old Japanese, originally indicating either the area between two things, or a connection between two things.[1]

Cognate with 階 ‎(hashi, “stairs from a garden up to the house”), both cognate with root hasa indicating the narrow area between two things, as in 狭間 ‎(“narrow gap between two things”, classical hasama, modern hazama) or 挟む ‎(hasamu, “to put between two things that are close together, to squeeze between two things”).[1] Cognate also with root hoso indicating the narrowness of a thing itself, as in 細い ‎(hosoi, “narrow, slender”), 細める ‎(hosomeru, “to narrow something, to make something narrow”).

Pronunciation

Noun

橋 ‎(hiragana はし, romaji hashi)

  1. that which is constructed to connect two points for the purpose of transportation: a bridge
  2. a bridge-like walkway or corridor between two buildings in a manor, palace, castle, or similar structure
  3. a person who acts as a bridge between different people: a mediator, a go-between

Synonyms

  • (bridge for traffic): 橋梁 (きょうりょう) ‎(kyōryō)
  • (corridor): 渡 (わた)り廊下 (ろうか) ‎(watarirōka), 渡殿 (わたどの) ‎(watadono), 長橋 (ながはし) ‎(nagahashi)
  • (mediator): 仲立 (なかだ)ち ‎(nakadachi), 仲介 (ちゅうかい) ‎(chūkai)

References

  1. 1 2 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. ↑ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
  3. ↑ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3
  4. ↑ 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13143-0
  5. 1 2 Yoshinori Kobayashi, Kojisho Ongi Shūsei 1: Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki (in Japanese), Kyūko Shoin (published 1978; original text from 794), ISBN 4-7629-3088-1.

Korean

Hanja

橋 • ‎(gyo) (hangeul 교, McCune-Reischauer kyo, Yale kyo)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

橋 (kiều, cầu, kéo, kèo)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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