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Definition 2024
娘
娘
Translingual
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| |||
Han character
娘 (radical 38 女+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 女戈日女 (VIAV), four-corner 43432, composition ⿰女良)
References
- KangXi: page 262, character 16
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6304
- Dae Jaweon: page 529, character 6
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1054, character 5
- Unihan data for U+5A18
Chinese
| trad. | 娘/孃 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 娘 | |
| 孃: “mother” | ||
Glyph origin
| Characters in the same phonetic series (良) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 剆 | *raːl, *raːlʔ |
| 郎 | *raːŋ |
| 稂 | *raːŋ |
| 桹 | *raːŋ |
| 鋃 | *raːŋ |
| 硠 | *raːŋ |
| 浪 | *raːŋ, *raːŋs |
| 蜋 | *raːŋ, *raŋ |
| 琅 | *raːŋ |
| 狼 | *raːŋ |
| 欴 | *raːŋ |
| 踉 | *raːŋ, *raŋ, *raŋs |
| 莨 | *raːŋ, *raːŋs |
| 艆 | *raːŋ |
| 駺 | *raːŋ |
| 躴 | *raːŋ |
| 筤 | *raːŋ |
| 閬 | *raːŋ, *raːŋs |
| 哴 | *raːŋ, *raŋs |
| 蓈 | *raːŋ |
| 廊 | *raːŋ |
| 榔 | *raːŋ, *raːŋʔ |
| 螂 | *raːŋ |
| 瑯 | *raːŋ |
| 朗 | *raːŋʔ |
| 朖 | *raːŋʔ |
| 誏 | *raːŋʔ |
| 俍 | *raːŋʔ |
| 崀 | *raːŋʔ |
| 埌 | *raːŋs |
| 蒗 | *raːŋs |
| 娘 | *naŋ |
| 良 | *raŋ |
| 粮 | *raŋ |
| 悢 | *raŋs |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *naŋ) : semantic 女 + phonetic 良 (OC *raŋ).
Etymology
This syllable was not attested in pre-Tang texts. It may ultimately have been a fusion of 女郎 (MC ɳɨʌX lɑŋ, “lady”) (Coblin, 1994: 389).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): noeng4
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ngiòng
- Min Dong (BUC): niòng
- Min Nan (POJ): niâ / niû / liông
- Wu (Wiktionary): nyian (T3)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄤˊ
- Wade-Giles: niang2
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: niang
- IPA (key): /ni̯ɑŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: noeng4
- Yale: nèuhng
- Cantonese Pinyin: noeng4
- IPA (key): /nœːŋ²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngiòng
- Hakka Romanization System: ngiongˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: ngiong2
- IPA: /ɲi̯oŋ¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: niòng
- IPA (key): /nˡuoŋ⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: niâ / niû / liông
- Tâi-lô: niâ / niû / liông
- Phofsit Daibuun: niaa, niuu, lioong
- IPA (Xiamen): /nia²⁴/, /niu²⁴/, /liɔŋ²⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /nia²⁴/, /niu²⁴/, /liɔŋ²⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /nia¹³/, /niu¹³/, /liɔŋ¹³/
- IPA (Taipei): /nia²⁴/, /niu²⁴/, /liɔŋ²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /nia²³/, /niu²³/, /liɔŋ²³/
- Note: liông - literary.
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: nyian (T3)
- IPA (key): /ȵiã²³/
- (Shanghainese)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 娘 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /niɑŋ³⁵/ |
| Harbin | /niaŋ²⁴/ | |
| Tianjin | /niɑŋ⁴⁵/ | |
| Jinan | /ȵiaŋ⁴²/ | |
| Qingdao | /niaŋ⁴²/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /niaŋ⁴²/ | |
| Xi'an | /niaŋ²⁴/ | |
| Xining | /ȵiɔ̃²⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /niɑŋ⁵³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /ȵiɑ̃⁵³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /ȵiɑŋ⁵¹/ | |
| Wuhan | /niaŋ²¹³/ | |
| Chengdu | /ȵiaŋ³¹/ | |
| Guiyang | /niaŋ²¹/ | |
| Kunming | /niã̠³¹/ | |
| Nanjing |
/liaŋ²⁴/ 爹～ /liaŋ³¹/ 姑姑 |
|
| Hefei | /liɑ̃⁵⁵/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan |
/niɒ̃¹¹/ ～家 /niɒ̃⁴⁵/ 姥姥 |
| Pingyao |
/ȵiɑŋ¹³/ /ȵyə¹³/ ～～廟 |
|
| Hohhot | /niɑ̃³¹/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ȵiã²³/ |
| Suzhou | /ȵiã¹³/ | |
| Hangzhou | /ȵiɑŋ²¹³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /ȵi³¹/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /nia⁴⁴/ |
| Tunxi | /ȵiau⁴⁴/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ȵian¹³/ |
| Xiangtan | /ȵian¹²/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /ȵiɔŋ⁴⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /ŋioŋ¹¹/ |
| Taoyuan | /ŋioŋ¹¹/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /nœŋ²¹/ |
| Nanning |
/nɛŋ⁵⁵/ /nœŋ²¹/ |
|
| Hong Kong | /nœŋ²¹/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) |
/liɔŋ³⁵/ /niu³⁵/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /nuoŋ⁵³/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) |
/niɔŋ³³/ /niɔŋ²¹/ |
|
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /niõ⁵⁵/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) |
/niaŋ³¹/ /nio³¹/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 娘 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 娘 (12) |
| Final (韻) | 陽 (105) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 女良切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ɳɨɐŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ɳiɐŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/niɑŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ɳɨaŋ/ |
| Li Rong |
/niaŋ/ |
| Wang Li |
/nĭaŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ni̯aŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
niáng |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 娘 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 8045 |
| Phonetic component |
良 |
| Rime group |
陽 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
孃 |
| Old Chinese |
/*naŋ/ |
| Notes | 女郎合音 |
Definitions
娘
- woman, especially a young girl
- 姑娘 ― gūniang ― girl
- (colloquial) mother; ma
- wife of another person
- elderly lady
Synonyms
| Dialectal synonyms of 媽媽 (“mum (face-to-face)”) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 母親 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 媽媽、媽、娘 |
| Taiwan | 媽媽、媽 | |
| Tianjin | 媽媽、媽 | |
| Jinan | 媽、娘 | |
| Xi'an | 媽 | |
| Wuhan | 姆媽、媽媽 | |
| Chengdu | 媽媽、媽 | |
| Yangzhou | 媽媽、姆媽 | |
| Hefei | 媽、媽爺 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 阿媽、媽媽 |
| Hong Kong | 媽咪、阿媽、媽媽 | |
| Yangjiang | 阿媽、阿娘 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 姆媽 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 媽 |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 依媽、依奶 |
| Min Nan | Quanzhou | 阿母、母仔、阿娘 |
| Xiamen | 阿母、阿母仔、母仔、阿媽、阿娘 | |
| Zhangzhou | 阿母、母仔 | |
| Taipei | 阿母、阿娘、媽媽 | |
| Kaohsiung | khà-sàng、阿母仔 | |
| Tainan | o͘-khà-sàng、阿母、俺娘仔、娘嬭 | |
| Taichung | 媽媽、阿母 | |
| Yilan | 阿母、阿娘 | |
| Lukang | 阿母、阿娘、姨仔 | |
| Sanxia | 阿母、阿娘、姨仔 | |
| Kinmen | 俺娘仔 | |
| Magong | 阿母 | |
| Hsinchu | 媽媽、阿娘、阿母 | |
| Malaysia | 阿媽、媽媽 | |
| Chaozhou | 阿媽、阿娘、阿姈 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 媽媽、姆媽 |
| Suzhou | 姆媽 | |
| Wenzhou | 阿媽、阿奶、奶 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 媽媽、姆媽 |
| Shuangfeng | 姆媽 | |
| Dialectal synonyms of 媽媽 (“mum (non-face-to-face)”) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 母親 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 媽媽、媽、娘 |
| Taiwan | 媽媽、媽 | |
| Tianjin | 媽媽、媽 | |
| Jinan | 媽、娘 | |
| Xi'an | 媽 | |
| Wuhan | 姆媽、媽媽 | |
| Chengdu | 媽媽、媽 | |
| Yangzhou | 媽媽、姆媽 | |
| Hefei | 媽、媽爺 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 老母 |
| Hong Kong | 老母、阿媽、媽咪 | |
| Yangjiang | 阿奶 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 姆媽、娘 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 阿姆、哀仔 |
| Liudui (S. Sixian) | 阿姆、唔媽、哀仔 | |
| Hsinchu (Hailu) | 阿姆、哀仔 | |
| Dongshi (Dabu) | 阿姆、細阿妹、哀 | |
| Zhuolan (Raoping) | 阿姆、哀仔 | |
| Yunlin (Zhao'an) | 阿依、哀 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 媽媽、媽 |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 娘奶 |
| Min Nan | Quanzhou | 老母、阿娘 |
| Xiamen | 老母、娘嬭、阿娘 | |
| Zhangzhou | 老母、娘嬭 | |
| Taipei | 老母 | |
| Kaohsiung | 老母 | |
| Tainan | 老母 | |
| Taichung | 老母、媽媽 | |
| Yilan | 老母 | |
| Lukang | 老母 | |
| Sanxia | 老母 | |
| Kinmen | 老母、俺母 | |
| Magong | 老母 | |
| Hsinchu | 老母 | |
| Chaozhou | 阿嬡 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 娘 |
| Suzhou | 娘 | |
| Wenzhou | 阿媽、阿奶 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 媽媽、娘、姆媽、娘老子 |
| Shuangfeng | 姆媽、娘 | |
Compounds
Derived terms from 娘
|
|
|
Descendants
Others:
- Khmer: នាង (néang, “young woman; girl”)
- Lao: ນາງ (nāng, “woman; girl; lady; Mrs.”)
- Thai: นาง (naang, “woman; wife; female lover”)
- Vietnamese: nàng (“lady; young woman; she”)
Japanese
Kanji
娘
Readings
- Goon: にょう (nyō), (historical) にやう (nyau)
- Kan’on: じょう (jō), (historical) ぢやう (jau)
- Tōon: にゃん (nyan)
- Kun: むすめ (musume)
Etymology
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 娘 |
|
むすめ Grade: S |
| kun'yomi |
From 生す (musu, “to beget”) + 女 (me, “female”).[1][2]
Pronunciation
Noun
娘 (hiragana むすめ, romaji musume)
- (humble) a female child, a daughter
Synonyms
- 娘さん (musume-san) (honorific)
- お嬢さん (ojōsan) (honorific)
Antonyms
References
- ↑ 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
- 1 2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
- ↑ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3
Korean
Hanja
娘 • (nang) (hangeul 낭)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
娘 (nương, nàng, nường)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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