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Definition 2024


ջուր

ջուր

Armenian

Noun

ջուր (ǰur)

  1. water
    ջուր խմելǰur xmel ― to drink water

Declension

Derived terms


Old Armenian

Etymology

Since Müller 1892 often connected with a family of Baltic words, namely Lithuanian jū́rės, jū́rios, Old Prussian *jūrʲai, iūrin, Lithuanian jūra (sea), Lithuanian jáura, jáuras (marshy place), and derived from Proto-Indo-European *yuHr- (water). J̌ahukyan adduces also Thracian Iuras (name of a river). Further common comparisons with the family of Sanskrit वार् (vār, water), Persian باران (bārān, rain) are rejected by Olsen. The evidence for the Proto-Indo-European *y-Old Armenian ջ- (ǰ-) development is meager, but compare ջան (ǰan), ջով (ǰov). This etymology is accepted by Meillet, Ačaṙean, Solta, J̌ahukyan, Olsen (with reservation) and Matasović. The reconstruction of the Proto-Indo-European root is supproted by Mallory / Adams but they reject the appurtenance of Armenian on phonetic grounds.

An alternative proposal started by the same Müller (1877) and supported by Justi connects ջուր (ǰur) with Sanskrit क्षरति (kṣarati), Avestan [script needed] (γžaraiti), Persian شاریدن (šārīdan, to flow, stream), شران (šāran, purling (as running water)), Northern Kurdish şirik (drain), şurik (waterspout). This is accepted by Pokorny with reservation, who reconstructs Proto-Indo-European gʷʰdyōro- for Armenian. J̌ahukyan considers this etymology less likely than the above.

Noun

ջուր (ǰur)

  1. water
    անոյշ ջուրanoyš ǰur ― good or potable water
    ըմպելի ջուրəmpeli ǰur ― drinkable water
    պաղ/զով ջուրpał/zov ǰur ― cold or fresh water
    գաղջ ջուրgałǰ ǰur ― tepid water
    տաք ջուրtakʿ ǰur ― hot water
    եռացեալ ջուրeṙacʿeal ǰur ― boiling water
    հանքային ջուրhankʿayin ǰur ― thermal water
    ծծմբային ջուրccmbayin ǰur ― sulfurous water
    աղային ջուրałayin ǰur ― saline water
    օրհնեալ ջուրōrhneal ǰur ― holy water
    չաստուած ջրոյčʿastuac ǰroy ― water-god
    ջուր մսոյǰur msoy ― broth
    գաւաթ մի ջուրgawatʿ mi ǰur ― a glass, of water
    դոյլ մի ջուրdoyl mi ǰur ― a bucket or pail of water
    դոյլ մի լի ջուրdoyl mi li ǰur ― a pailful of water
    ընդ ջուր եւ ընդ ցամաքənd ǰur ew ənd cʿamakʿ ― by sea and land
    տեղատութիւն եւ մակընթացութիւն ջուրցtełatutʿiwn ew makəntʿacʿutʿiwn ǰurcʿ ― tide, flux and reflux, ebb and flow
    երթալ ջրոյertʿal ǰroy ― to go to fetch water
    ջուր հանելǰur hanel ― to draw water
    ջուր ըմպելǰur əmpel ― to drink water
    հեղուլ, թափել, առնել ջուրhełul, tʿapʿel, aṙnel ǰur ― to make water, to piss, to urine
    ջուր տալǰur tal ― to water, to sprinkle; to water, to give to drink to
    եռացուցանել զջուրeṙacʿucʿanel zǰur ― to warm, to boil water
    ջուր արկանել ձեռաց ուրուքǰur arkanel jeṙacʿ urukʿ ― to pour water on a person's hands
    լաւ է ջուր հորի քան զգինի յոռիlaw ē ǰur hori kʿan zgini yoṙi ― pure water is better than bad wine
  2. (as an adjective) liquid, watery

Declension

Derived terms

Descendants

References

  • Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1979), ջուր”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Dictionary of Armenian Root Words] (in Armenian), volume IV, 2nd edition, Yerevan: University Press, published 1926–1935, pages 134–136
  • Awetikʿean, G.; Siwrmēlean, X.; Awgerean, M. (1836–1837), ջուր”, in Nor baṙgirkʿ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Jaba, Auguste; Justi, Ferdinand (1879) Dictionnaire Kurde-Français [Kurdish–French Dictionary], Saint Petersburg: Imperial Academy of Sciences, page 256a
  • J̌ahukyan, Geworg (1987) Hayocʿ lezvi patmutʿyun; naxagrayin žamanakašrǰan [History of the Armenian language: The Pre-Literary Period] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, pages 114, 159
  • Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q., editors (1997) Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 636b
  • Matasović, Ranko (2009) A Grammatical Sketch of Classical Armenian (pdf), Zagreb, page 14
  • Meillet, Antoine (1903) Esquisse d’une grammaire comparée de l’arménien classique (in French), Vienna: Imprimerie des PP. Mékhitharistes, page 29
  • Meillet, Antoine (1920), “Les noms du ‘feu’ et de l’‘eau’ et la question du genre”, in Mémoires de la Société de Linguistique de Paris (in French), volume 21, page 251
  • Meillet, Antoine (1922), “De quelques y initiaux devant u- en indo-europeen”, in Bulletin de la Société de linguistique de Paris (in French), volume 23, page 76
  • Müller, Friedrich (1877), “Armeniaca V”, in Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Philosophisch-Historische Classe (in German), volume 88, issue 1, page 12
  • Müller, Friedrich (1892), “Pahlawi und armenische Etymologien”, in Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde des Morgenlandes (in German), volume 6, pages 267–268
  • Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 50
  • Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume I, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 487
  • Petrosean, H. Matatʿeay V. (1879), ջուր”, in Nor Baṙagirkʿ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Solta, G. R. (1960) Die Stellung des Armenischen im Kreise der indogermanischen Sprachen (Studien zur armenischen Geschichte; 9) (in German), Vienna: Mechitharisten, pages 320–322