Definify.com
Definition 2024
ջուր
ջուր
Armenian
Noun
ջուր • (ǰur)
- water
- ջուր խմել ― ǰur xmel ― to drink water
Declension
singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | ջուր (ǰur) | ջրեր (ǰrer) | ||
dative | ջրի (ǰri) | ջրերի (ǰreri) | ||
ablative | ջրից (ǰricʿ) | ջրերից (ǰrericʿ) | ||
instrumental | ջրով (ǰrov) | ջրերով (ǰrerov) | ||
locative | ջրում (ǰrum) | ջրերում (ǰrerum) | ||
definite forms | ||||
nominative | ջուրը/ջուրն (ǰurə/ǰurn) | ջրերը/ջրերն (ǰrerə/ǰrern) | ||
dative | ջրին (ǰrin) | ջրերին (ǰrerin) | ||
1st person possessive forms (my) | ||||
nominative | ջուրս (ǰurs) | ջրերս (ǰrers) | ||
dative | ջրիս (ǰris) | ջրերիս (ǰreris) | ||
ablative | ջրիցս (ǰricʿs) | ջրերիցս (ǰrericʿs) | ||
instrumental | ջրովս (ǰrovs) | ջրերովս (ǰrerovs) | ||
locative | ջրումս (ǰrums) | ջրերումս (ǰrerums) | ||
2nd person possessive forms (your) | ||||
nominative | ջուրդ (ǰurd) | ջրերդ (ǰrerd) | ||
dative | ջրիդ (ǰrid) | ջրերիդ (ǰrerid) | ||
ablative | ջրիցդ (ǰricʿd) | ջրերիցդ (ǰrericʿd) | ||
instrumental | ջրովդ (ǰrovd) | ջրերովդ (ǰrerovd) | ||
locative | ջրումդ (ǰrumd) | ջրերումդ (ǰrerumd) |
Derived terms
- ջրանցք (ǰrancʿkʿ)
Old Armenian
Etymology
Since Müller 1892 often connected with a family of Baltic words, namely Lithuanian jū́rės, jū́rios, Old Prussian *jūrʲai, iūrin, Lithuanian jūra (“sea”), Lithuanian jáura, jáuras (“marshy place”), and derived from Proto-Indo-European *yuHr- (“water”). J̌ahukyan adduces also Thracian Iuras (“name of a river”). Further common comparisons with the family of Sanskrit वार् (vār, “water”), Persian باران (bārān, “rain”) are rejected by Olsen. The evidence for the Proto-Indo-European *y- → Old Armenian ջ- (ǰ-) development is meager, but compare ջան (ǰan), ջով (ǰov). This etymology is accepted by Meillet, Ačaṙean, Solta, J̌ahukyan, Olsen (with reservation) and Matasović. The reconstruction of the Proto-Indo-European root is supproted by Mallory / Adams but they reject the appurtenance of Armenian on phonetic grounds.
An alternative proposal started by the same Müller (1877) and supported by Justi connects ջուր (ǰur) with Sanskrit क्षरति (kṣarati), Avestan [script needed] (γžaraiti), Persian شاریدن (šārīdan, “to flow, stream”), شران (šāran, “purling (as running water)”), Northern Kurdish şirik (“drain”), şurik (“waterspout”). This is accepted by Pokorny with reservation, who reconstructs Proto-Indo-European gʷʰdyōro- for Armenian. J̌ahukyan considers this etymology less likely than the above.
Noun
ջուր • (ǰur)
- water
- անոյշ ջուր ― anoyš ǰur ― good or potable water
- ըմպելի ջուր ― əmpeli ǰur ― drinkable water
- պաղ/զով ջուր ― pał/zov ǰur ― cold or fresh water
- գաղջ ջուր ― gałǰ ǰur ― tepid water
- տաք ջուր ― takʿ ǰur ― hot water
- եռացեալ ջուր ― eṙacʿeal ǰur ― boiling water
- հանքային ջուր ― hankʿayin ǰur ― thermal water
- ծծմբային ջուր ― ccmbayin ǰur ― sulfurous water
- աղային ջուր ― ałayin ǰur ― saline water
- օրհնեալ ջուր ― ōrhneal ǰur ― holy water
- չաստուած ջրոյ ― čʿastuac ǰroy ― water-god
- ջուր մսոյ ― ǰur msoy ― broth
- գաւաթ մի ջուր ― gawatʿ mi ǰur ― a glass, of water
- դոյլ մի ջուր ― doyl mi ǰur ― a bucket or pail of water
- դոյլ մի լի ջուր ― doyl mi li ǰur ― a pailful of water
- ընդ ջուր եւ ընդ ցամաք ― ənd ǰur ew ənd cʿamakʿ ― by sea and land
- տեղատութիւն եւ մակընթացութիւն ջուրց ― tełatutʿiwn ew makəntʿacʿutʿiwn ǰurcʿ ― tide, flux and reflux, ebb and flow
- երթալ ջրոյ ― ertʿal ǰroy ― to go to fetch water
- ջուր հանել ― ǰur hanel ― to draw water
- ջուր ըմպել ― ǰur əmpel ― to drink water
- հեղուլ, թափել, առնել ջուր ― hełul, tʿapʿel, aṙnel ǰur ― to make water, to piss, to urine
- ջուր տալ ― ǰur tal ― to water, to sprinkle; to water, to give to drink to
- եռացուցանել զջուր ― eṙacʿucʿanel zǰur ― to warm, to boil water
- ջուր արկանել ձեռաց ուրուք ― ǰur arkanel jeṙacʿ urukʿ ― to pour water on a person's hands
- լաւ է ջուր հորի քան զգինի յոռի ― law ē ǰur hori kʿan zgini yoṙi ― pure water is better than bad wine
- (as an adjective) liquid, watery
Declension
singular | plural | ||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | ջուր (ǰur) | ջուրք (ǰurkʿ) | |
genitive | ջրոյ (ǰroy) | ջրոց (ǰrocʿ) | |
dative | ջրոյ (ǰroy) | ջրոց (ǰrocʿ) | |
accusative | ջուր (ǰur) | ջուրս (ǰurs) | |
ablative | ջրոյ (ǰroy) | ջրոց (ǰrocʿ) | |
instrumental | ջրով (ǰrov) | ջրովք (ǰrovkʿ) | |
locative | ջուր (ǰur) | ջուրս (ǰurs) | |
instrumental singular ջուրբ (ǰurb), genitive plural ջուրց (ǰurcʿ) and instrumental plural ջուրբք (ǰurbkʿ) are also attested. |
Derived terms
|
|
|
Descendants
- Armenian: ջուր (ǰur)
References
- Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1979), “ջուր”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Dictionary of Armenian Root Words] (in Armenian), volume IV, 2nd edition, Yerevan: University Press, published 1926–1935, pages 134–136
- Awetikʿean, G.; Siwrmēlean, X.; Awgerean, M. (1836–1837), “ջուր”, in Nor baṙgirkʿ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
- Jaba, Auguste; Justi, Ferdinand (1879) Dictionnaire Kurde-Français [Kurdish–French Dictionary], Saint Petersburg: Imperial Academy of Sciences, page 256a
- J̌ahukyan, Geworg (1987) Hayocʿ lezvi patmutʿyun; naxagrayin žamanakašrǰan [History of the Armenian language: The Pre-Literary Period] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, pages 114, 159
- Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q., editors (1997) Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 636b
- Matasović, Ranko (2009) A Grammatical Sketch of Classical Armenian (pdf), Zagreb, page 14
- Meillet, Antoine (1903) Esquisse d’une grammaire comparée de l’arménien classique (in French), Vienna: Imprimerie des PP. Mékhitharistes, page 29
- Meillet, Antoine (1920), “Les noms du ‘feu’ et de l’‘eau’ et la question du genre”, in Mémoires de la Société de Linguistique de Paris (in French), volume 21, page 251
- Meillet, Antoine (1922), “De quelques y initiaux devant u- en indo-europeen”, in Bulletin de la Société de linguistique de Paris (in French), volume 23, page 76
- Müller, Friedrich (1877), “Armeniaca V”, in Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Philosophisch-Historische Classe (in German), volume 88, issue 1, page 12
- Müller, Friedrich (1892), “Pahlawi und armenische Etymologien”, in Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde des Morgenlandes (in German), volume 6, pages 267–268
- Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 50
- Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume I, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 487
- Petrosean, H. Matatʿeay V. (1879), “ջուր”, in Nor Baṙagirkʿ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
- Solta, G. R. (1960) Die Stellung des Armenischen im Kreise der indogermanischen Sprachen (Studien zur armenischen Geschichte; 9) (in German), Vienna: Mechitharisten, pages 320–322