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Definition 2024
opérer
opérer
See also: operer
French
Verb
opérer
- (transitive) to operate (on)
- (reflexive) to take place
Conjugation
This verb is conjugated like céder. It is a regular -er verb, except that its last stem vowel alternates between /e/ (written ‘é’) and /ɛ/ (written ‘è’), with the latter being used before mute ‘e’. One special case is the future stem, used in the future and the conditional. Before 1990, the future stem of such verbs was written opérer-, reflecting the historic pronunciation /e/. In 1990, the French Academy recommended that it be written opèrer-, reflecting the now common pronunciation /ɛ/, thereby making this distinction consistent throughout the conjugation (and also matching in this regard the conjugations of verbs like lever and jeter). Both spellings are in use today, and both are therefore given here.
Conjugation of opérer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | opérer | avoir opéré | |||||
| gerund | en opérant | en ayant opéré | |||||
| present participle | opérant /ɔ.pe.ʁɑ̃/ |
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| past participle | opéré /ɔ.pe.ʁe/ |
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| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il | nous | vous | ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | opère /ɔ.pɛʁ/ |
opères /ɔ.pɛʁ/ |
opère /ɔ.pɛʁ/ |
opérons /ɔ.pe.ʁɔ̃/ |
opérez /ɔ.pe.ʁe/ |
opèrent /ɔ.pɛʁ/ |
| imperfect | opérais /ɔ.pe.ʁɛ/ |
opérais /ɔ.pe.ʁɛ/ |
opérait /ɔ.pe.ʁɛ/ |
opérions /ɔ.pe.ʁjɔ̃/ |
opériez /ɔ.pe.ʁje/ |
opéraient /ɔ.pe.ʁɛ/ |
|
| past historic1 | opérai /ɔ.pe.ʁe/ |
opéras /ɔ.pe.ʁa/ |
opéra /ɔ.pe.ʁa/ |
opérâmes /ɔ.pe.ʁam/ |
opérâtes /ɔ.pe.ʁat/ |
opérèrent /ɔ.pe.ʁɛʁ/ |
|
| future | opèrerai or opérerai /ɔ.pɛ.ʁə.ʁe/ |
opèreras or opéreras /ɔ.pɛ.ʁə.ʁa/ |
opèrera or opérera /ɔ.pɛ.ʁə.ʁa/ |
opèrerons or opérerons /ɔ.pɛ.ʁə.ʁɔ̃/ |
opèrerez or opérerez /ɔ.pɛ.ʁə.ʁe/ |
opèreront or opéreront /ɔ.pɛ.ʁə.ʁɔ̃/ |
|
| conditional | opèrerais or opérerais /ɔ.pɛ.ʁə.ʁɛ/ |
opèrerais or opérerais /ɔ.pɛ.ʁə.ʁɛ/ |
opèrerait or opérerait /ɔ.pɛ.ʁə.ʁɛ/ |
opèrerions or opérerions /ɔ.pɛ.ʁə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
opèreriez or opéreriez /ɔ.pɛ.ʁə.ʁje/ |
opèreraient or opéreraient /ɔ.pɛ.ʁə.ʁɛ/ |
|
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior1 | Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il | que nous | que vous | qu’ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | opère /ɔ.pɛʁ/ |
opères /ɔ.pɛʁ/ |
opère /ɔ.pɛʁ/ |
opérions /ɔ.pe.ʁjɔ̃/ |
opériez /ɔ.pe.ʁje/ |
opèrent /ɔ.pɛʁ/ |
| imperfect1 |
opérasse /ɔ.pe.ʁas/ |
opérasses /ɔ.pe.ʁas/ |
opérât /ɔ.pe.ʁa/ |
opérassions /ɔ.pe.ʁa.sjɔ̃/ |
opérassiez /ɔ.pe.ʁa.sje/ |
opérassent /ɔ.pe.ʁas/ |
|
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect1 | Use the imperfect subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nous | vous | – | |
| — | opère /ɔ.pɛʁ/ |
— | opérons /ɔ.pe.ʁɔ̃/ |
opérez /ɔ.pe.ʁe/ |
— | ||
| 1literary tenses | |||||||