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Definition 2025

noceo

noceo

Latin

Verb

noceō ‎(present infinitive nocēre, perfect active nocuī, supine nocitum); second conjugation

  1. (with dative) I injure, do harm to, hurt, damage
    • c. 50 BCE, Publilius Syrus, Sententiae
      Bonīs nocet quisquis pepercit malīs.
      He does harm to the good, whoever has been lenient to the bad

Usage notes

  • The injury caused may be physical or emotional.

Conjugation

  • In practice, the only passive forms met with in Latin are the third-person singular forms.
   Conjugation of noceo (second conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present noceō nocēs nocet nocēmus nocētis nocent
imperfect nocēbam nocēbās nocēbat nocēbāmus nocēbātis nocēbant
future nocēbō nocēbis nocēbit nocēbimus nocēbitis nocēbunt
perfect nocuī nocuistī nocuit nocuimus nocuistis nocuērunt, nocuēre
pluperfect nocueram nocuerās nocuerat nocuerāmus nocuerātis nocuerant
future perfect nocuerō nocueris nocuerit nocuerimus nocueritis nocuerint
passive present noceor nocēris, nocēre nocētur nocēmur nocēminī nocentur
imperfect nocēbar nocēbāris, nocēbāre nocēbātur nocēbāmur nocēbāminī nocēbantur
future nocēbor nocēberis, nocēbere nocēbitur nocēbimur nocēbiminī nocēbuntur
perfect nocitus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect nocitus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect nocitus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present noceam noceās noceat noceāmus noceātis noceant
imperfect nocērem nocērēs nocēret nocērēmus nocērētis nocērent
perfect nocuerim nocuerīs nocuerit nocuerīmus nocuerītis nocuerint
pluperfect nocuissem nocuissēs nocuisset nocuissēmus nocuissētis nocuissent
passive present nocear noceāris, noceāre noceātur noceāmur noceāminī noceantur
imperfect nocērer nocērēris, nocērēre nocērētur nocērēmur nocērēminī nocērentur
perfect nocitus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect nocitus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — nocē — — nocēte —
future — nocētō nocētō — nocētōte nocentō
passive present — nocēre — — nocēminī —
future — nocētor nocētor — — nocentor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives nocēre nocuisse nocitūrus esse nocērī nocitus esse nocitum īrī
participles nocēns — nocitūrus — nocitus nocendus
verbal nouns gerund supine
nominative genitive dative/ablative accusative accusative ablative
nocēre nocendī nocendō nocendum nocitum nocitū

Derived terms

Descendants

Related terms

References

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *nokeō, causative of Proto-Indo-European *neḱ- ‎(“perish, disappear”). Cognate with Middle Welsh angheu ‎(“death”), Breton ankou, Old Irish éc, Latin noxius ‎(“harmful”), Latin nex ‎(“murder, violent death”) (as opposed to mors), Ancient Greek νεκρός ‎(nekrós, “dead”), Old Persian 𐎻𐎴𐎰𐎹𐎫𐎹 ‎(vi-nathayatiy, “he injures”), Avestan 𐬥𐬀𐬯𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 ‎(nasyeiti, “disappears”), 𐬥𐬀𐬯𐬎 ‎(nasu-, “corpse”), Sanskrit नश्यति ‎(naśyati, “disappear, perish”).

Pronunciation

  • (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈno.ke.oː/, [ˈnɔ.ke.oː]

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