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Definition 2024

darbh

darbh

Irish

Alternative forms

dar bh’ (superseded)

Particle

darbh ‎(past/conditional copular form used before a vowel, form used before a consonant dar)

to/for which/whom was/would be
an fear darbh aithnid mé‎ ― the man who knew me
from which/whom was/would be

Derived terms

darbh ainm ‎(“(who was) called, named”)

Related terms

Irish copular forms

Simple copular forms

Present/future
	Affirmative	Negative	Interrogative	Neg. inter.
Main clauses	is	ní	an	nach
Direct relative clauses	is	nach
Indirect relative clauses	ar, arb^v
Other subordinate clauses	gur, gurb^v		an	nach
Past/conditional
	Affirmative	Negative	Interrogative	Neg. inter.
Main clauses	ba, b’^v	níor, níorbh^v	ar, arbh^v	nár, nárbh^v
Direct relative clauses	ba, ab^v	nár, nárbh^v
Indirect relative clauses	ar, arbh^v
Other subordinate clauses	gur, gurbh^v		ar, arbh^v	nár, nárbh^v
Present subjunctive
	Affirmative	Negative
	gura, gurab^v	nára, nárab^v

Compound copular forms

Base word	Present/future	Past/conditional
má	más	má ba, má b’^v
ó ‎(“since”)	ós	ó ba, ó b’^v
dá		dá mba, dá mb’^v
mura	mura, murab^v	murar, murarbh^v
cé	cér, cérb^v	cér, cérbh^v
cá	cár, cárb^v	cár, cárbh^v
de/do	dar, darb^v	dar, darbh^v
faoi	faoinar, faoinarb^v	faoinar, faoinarbh^v
i	inar, inarb^v	inar, inarbh^v
le	lenar, lenarb^v	lenar, lenarbh^v
ó ‎(“from”)	ónar, ónarb^v	ónar, ónarbh^v
trí	trínar, trínarb^v	trínar, trínarbh^v

Note: Forms marked ^v are used before a vowel sound.

Irish preposition contractions

Basic form	Contracted with							Copular forms
Basic form	an ‎(“the sg”)	na ‎(“the pl”)	mo ‎(“my”)	do ‎(“your”)	a ‎(“his, her, their; which (present)”)	ár ‎(“our”)	ar ‎(“which (past)”)	(before consonant)	(present/future before vowel)	(past/conditional before vowel)
de ‎(“from”)	den	de na desna*	de mo dem*	de do ded, det	dá	dár		dar	darb	darbh
do ‎(“to, for”)	don	do na dosna*	do mo dom*	do do dod, dot	dá	dár		dar	darb	darbh
faoi ‎(“under, about”)	faoin	faoi na	faoi mo	faoi do	faoina	faoinár	faoinar		faoinarb	faoinarbh
i ‎(“in”)	sa, san	sna	i mo im*	i do id, it	ina	inár	inar		inarb	inarbh
le ‎(“with”)	leis an	leis na	le mo lem*	le do led, let	lena	lenár	lenar		lenarb	lenarbh
ó ‎(“from, since”)	ón	ó na ósna*	ó mo óm*	ó do ód, ót	óna	ónár	ónar		ónarb	ónarbh
trí ‎(“through”)	tríd an	trí na	trí mo	trí do	trína	trínár	trínar		trínarb	trínarbh
*Dialectal.