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Definition 2025
だ
だ
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See also: た and Appendix:Variations of "da"
Japanese
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Syllable
だ (romaji da)
- The hiragana syllable だ (da). Its equivalent in katakana is ダ (da).
See also
- (Hiragana) 平仮名; あぁ, いぃ, うぅゔ, えぇ, おぉ, かゕが, きぎ, くぐ, けゖげ, こご, さざ, しじ, すず, せぜ, そぞ, ただ, ちぢ, つっづ, てで, とど, な, に, ぬ, ね, の, はばぱ, ひびぴ, ふぶぷ, へべぺ, ほぼぽ, ま, み, む, め, も, やゃ, ゆゅ, よょ, ら, り, る, れ, ろ, わゎ, ゐ, ゑ, を, ん, ー, ゝ, ゞ, ゟ
Etymology 2
Verb
だ (romaji da)
- A particle used when a sentence has a nominal as its predicate, usually but not always equal to the English verb "to be".
- 私は学生です
- watashi wa gakusei desu
- I am a student.
- 汚物は消毒だ
- obutsu wa shōdoku da
- The filth should be disinfected.
- おかわりだ
- okawari da
- (Of a second helping) one more please.
- 私は学生です
Usage notes
This word is an enclitic just like other particles. It is classified as 助動詞 (jodōshi) in traditional Japanese grammar, because of its particle-like phonological behavior.
Synonyms
- である
- や (Kansai dialect)
- じゃ (Some western dialects. Also used in archaic speech in fictional characters)
Conjugation
Conjugation of "だ" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | では | de wa | ||
| Continuative (連用形) | で | de | ||
| Terminal (終止形) | だ | da | ||
| Attributive (連体形) | である | de aru | ||
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | なら であれ |
nara de are |
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| Imperative (命令形) | - | - | ||
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | - | - | ||
| Causative | - | - | ||
| Potential | - | - | ||
| Volitional | だろう | darō | ||
| Negative | ではない じゃない¹ |
de wa nai ja nai¹ |
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| Negative continuative | ではなくて じゃなくて¹ |
de wa nakute ja nakute¹ |
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| Formal | です | desu | ||
| Perfective | だった | datta | ||
| Conjunctive | で | de | ||
| Hypothetical conditional | ならば であれば |
naraba de areba |
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| ¹ Colloquial contraction | ||||